Syria Monthly Report

Summary

Several trends continued throughout August, particularly in south and central Syria. The Syrian pound, already depreciated, fell to a low of over 4,500 SYP to the dollar. This has had knock-on effects to affordability, particularly of fuel and food in the southern governorates. Attempts by the Central Bank to mitigate financial losses and control foreign currency reserves are limited, while the Syrian government has cut subsidies for many basic items, further depressing its citizens.

In terms of security, government forces lifted their siege on Tafas city, initially implemented to catch alleged ISIS affiliates. The siege prevented farmers from tending or harvesting their crops, impacting local market economies. Additionally, local armed groups in As-Sweida continue to fight against those affiliated with the government, particularly its Military Intelligence Directorate, in an attempt to purge crime and corruption.

In the northeast, in Al-Hol camp, the Iraqi government has expressed intentions for the future of the camp through the repatriation of Iraqi citizens. The Ministry of Immigration’s spokesperson, Ali Abbas, stated that the government is approaching its set target of repatriating 500 families during 2022 – there have reportedly been four waves of repatriation this year, compared to two in 2021.

Concerns over the arrest and restrictions on journalists and other vocal groups by the Autonomous Administration have also surfaced: the threat of a Turkish incursion has meant many within the administrative and security forces are hypervigilant for spies and other informants.

Protests spread throughout the northwest, against a statement made by the Turkish foreign minister perceived to suggest a rapprochement and the re-establishment of relations between Damascus and Ankara. Leaders throughout the northwest called for Turkey to continue to support the ‘revolution.’ In contrast to political sentiment, attacks continued between the Syrian Democratic Forces, Syrian National Army, and the Syria government – a political reconciliation is unlikely to be reached in the short term, and in the meantime, no side is likely to back down militarily.

Small-scale attacks and counterattacks took place in eastern Syria, around International Coalition military bases, and, in response, against Iranian-affiliated armed groups. The attacks coincided with a revisit to the Iran nuclear deal, in which both Iran and the US are part of discussions. Progress has been slow, and discussions have stalled without firm agreements in place.